IDEA激活码
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OC方法调用的本质:消息发送机制 - msg_Send.
OC方法调用的本质就是给对象发送消息:objc_msgSend(),这个流程可以分为三个阶段:
- 消息发送
- 动态方法解析
- 消息转发
下面我们将从源码上分析这三个过程的具体实现.
一消息发送
消息发送咋们从[obj message]为出发点，从objc源码里进行一次正向梳理。
xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang -arch arm64 -rewrite-objc main.m -o main-arm64.cpp
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
/* @autoreleasepool */ { __AtAutoreleasePool __autoreleasepool;
MJPerson *person = ((MJPerson *(*)(id, SEL))(void *)objc_msgSend)((id)((MJPerson *(*)(id, SEL))(void *)objc_msgSend)((id)objc_getClass("MJPerson"), sel_registerName("alloc")), sel_registerName("init"));
((void (*)(id, SEL))(void *)objc_msgSend)((id)person, sel_registerName("personTest"));
((void (*)(id, SEL))(void *)objc_msgSend)((id)objc_getClass("MJPerson"), sel_registerName("initialize"));
}
return 0;
}
通过上面的命令行操作，`[obj message]`编译之后的底层表示是
((void (*)(id, SEL))(void *)objc_msgSend)((id)person, sel_registerName("personTest"));
```bash
objc_msgSend(person, sel_registerName("personTest"));
其中第一个参数person就是消息接受者，后面的sel_registerName，可以在objc源码中搜到它的函数声明
SEL _Nonnull sel_registerName(const char * _Nonnull str)
同于OC里面的@selector()
消息转发送码分析:
查找源码步骤:
打开runtime源码 -> 搜索objc_msgSend-> 找到objc-msg-arm64.s文件 -> 找到ENTRY _objc_msgSend(方法入口):
找到ENTRY _objc_msgSend(方法入口)
汇编 使用
ENTRY + 函数名字作为一个函数的入口
END_ENTRY + 函数名字函数结束
从上图中可以看到,如果reserver不为nil,就执行CacheLookup从缓存中查找,所以我们搜索CacheLookup方法:
如果是命中缓存，找到了方法，那就简单了，直接返回并调用就好了，如果没找，就会进入上图中的__objc_msgSend_uncached
STATIC_ENTRY __objc_msgSend_uncached
UNWIND __objc_msgSend_uncached, FrameWithNoSaves
// THIS IS NOT A CALLABLE C FUNCTION
// Out-of-band x16 is the class to search
MethodTableLookup
br x17
END_ENTRY __objc_msgSend_uncached
STATIC_ENTRY __objc_msgLookup_uncached
UNWIND __objc_msgLookup_uncached, FrameWithNoSaves
__objc_msgSend_uncached中调用了MethodTableLookup
我们发现在MethodTableLookup里面，调用了__class_lookupMethodAndLoadCache3函数，而这个函数在当前的汇编代码里面是找不到实现的。你去objc源码进行全局搜索，也搜不到.那会不会是用C语言实现的这个方法呢?我们去掉一个下划线_然后搜索(<font color='red'>为什么要去掉一个下划线呢?因为C语言在编译成汇编语言是,会默认在方法前面加一个下划线_,所以我们在C语言中搜索时要去掉一个</font>),发现还真搜索到了这个方法:
/***********************************************************************
* _class_lookupMethodAndLoadCache.
* Method lookup for dispatchers ONLY. OTHER CODE SHOULD USE lookUpImp().
* This lookup avoids optimistic cache scan because the dispatcher
* already tried that.
**********************************************************************/
IMP _class_lookupMethodAndLoadCache3(id obj, SEL sel, Class cls)
{
return lookUpImpOrForward(cls, sel, obj,
YES/*initialize*/, NO/*cache*/, YES/*resolver*/);
}
进入lookUpImpOrForward:
/***********************************************************************
* lookUpImpOrForward.
* The standard IMP lookup.
* initialize==NO tries to avoid +initialize (but sometimes fails)-------------------------------->⚠️⚠️⚠️标准的IMP查找流程
* cache==NO skips optimistic unlocked lookup (but uses cache elsewhere)
* Most callers should use initialize==YES and cache==YES.
* inst is an instance of cls or a subclass thereof, or nil if none is known.
* If cls is an un-initialized metaclass then a non-nil inst is faster.
* May return _objc_msgForward_impcache. IMPs destined for external use
* must be converted to _objc_msgForward or _objc_msgForward_stret.
* If you don't want forwarding at all, use lookUpImpOrNil() instead.
**********************************************************************/
IMP lookUpImpOrForward(Class cls, SEL sel, id inst,
bool initialize, bool cache, bool resolver)
{
IMP imp = nil;
bool triedResolver = NO;
runtimeLock.assertUnlocked();
// Optimistic cache lookup
if (cache) {//------------------------------>⚠️⚠️⚠️查询当前Class对象的缓存，如果找到方法，就返回该方法
imp = cache_getImp(cls, sel);
if (imp) return imp;
}
// runtimeLock is held during isRealized and isInitialized checking
// to prevent races against concurrent realization.
// runtimeLock is held during method search to make
// method-lookup + cache-fill atomic with respect to method addition.
// Otherwise, a category could be added but ignored indefinitely because
// the cache was re-filled with the old value after the cache flush on
// behalf of the category.
runtimeLock.read();
if (!cls->isRealized()) {//------------------------------>⚠️⚠️⚠️当前Class如果没有被realized，就进行realize操作
// Drop the read-lock and acquire the write-lock.
// realizeClass() checks isRealized() again to prevent
// a race while the lock is down.
runtimeLock.unlockRead();
runtimeLock.write();
realizeClass(cls);
runtimeLock.unlockWrite();
runtimeLock.read();
}
if (initialize && !cls->isInitialized()) {//-------------->⚠️⚠️⚠️当前Class如果没有初始化，就进行初始化操作
runtimeLock.unlockRead();
_class_initialize (_class_getNonMetaClass(cls, inst));
runtimeLock.read();
// If sel == initialize, _class_initialize will send +initialize and
// then the messenger will send +initialize again after this
// procedure finishes. Of course, if this is not being called
// from the messenger then it won't happen. 2778172
}
retry:
runtimeLock.assertReading();
// Try this class's cache.//------------------------------>⚠️⚠️⚠️尝试从该Class对象的缓存中查找，如果找到，就跳到done处返回该方法
imp = cache_getImp(cls, sel);
if (imp) goto done;
// Try this class's method lists.//---------------->⚠️⚠️⚠️尝试从该Class对象的方法列表中查找，找到的话，就缓存到该Class的cache_t里面，并跳到done处返回该方法
{
Method meth = getMethodNoSuper_nolock(cls, sel);
if (meth) {
log_and_fill_cache(cls, meth->imp, sel, inst, cls);
imp = meth->imp;
goto done;
}
}
// Try superclass caches and method lists.// Try superclass caches and method lists.------>⚠️⚠️⚠️进入当前Class对象的superclass对象
{
unsigned attempts = unreasonableClassCount();
for (Class curClass = cls->superclass;//------>⚠️⚠️⚠️该for循环每循环一次，就会进入上一层的superclass对象，进行循环内部方法查询流程
curClass != nil;
curClass = curClass->superclass)
{
// Halt if there is a cycle in the superclass chain.
if (--attempts == 0) {
_objc_fatal("Memory corruption in class list.");
}
// Superclass cache.------>⚠️⚠️⚠️在当前superclass对象的缓存进行查找
imp = cache_getImp(curClass, sel);
if (imp) {
if (imp != (IMP)_objc_msgForward_impcache) {
// Found the method in a superclass. Cache it in this class.
log_and_fill_cache(cls, imp, sel, inst, curClass);
goto done;//------>⚠️⚠️⚠️如果在当前superclass的缓存里找到了方法，就调用log_and_fill_cache进行方法缓存，注意这里传入的参数是cls，也就是将方法缓存到消息接受对象所对应的Class对象的cache_t中，然后跳到done处返回该方法
}
else {
// Found a forward:: entry in a superclass.
// Stop searching, but don't cache yet; call method
// resolver for this class first.
break;//---->⚠️⚠️⚠️如果缓存里找到的方法是_objc_msgForward_impcache，就跳出该轮循环，进入上一层的superclass，再次进行查找
}
}
// Superclass method list.---->⚠️⚠️⚠️如过画缓存里面没有找到方法，则对当前superclass的方法列表进行查找
Method meth = getMethodNoSuper_nolock(curClass, sel);
if (meth) {
//------>⚠️⚠️⚠️如果在当前superclass的方法列表里找到了方法，就调用log_and_fill_cache进行方法缓存，注意这里传入的参数是cls，也就是将方法缓存到消息接受对象所对应的Class对象的cache_t中，然后跳到done处返回该方法
log_and_fill_cache(cls, meth->imp, sel, inst, curClass);
imp = meth->imp;
goto done;
}
}
}
// No implementation found. Try method resolver once.------>⚠️⚠️⚠️如果到基类还没有找到方法，就尝试进行方法解析
if (resolver && !triedResolver) {
runtimeLock.unlockRead();
_class_resolveMethod(cls, sel, inst);
runtimeLock.read();
// Don't cache the result; we don't hold the lock so it may have
// changed already. Re-do the search from scratch instead.
triedResolver = YES;
goto retry;
}
// No implementation found, and method resolver didn't help. //------>⚠️⚠️⚠️如果方法解析不成功，就进行消息转发
// Use forwarding.
imp = (IMP)_objc_msgForward_impcache;
cache_fill(cls, sel, imp, inst);
done:
runtimeLock.unlockRead();
return imp;
}
关于上面再方法列表查找的函数Method meth = getMethodNoSuper_nolock(cls, sel);还需要说明一下，进入它的实现
static method_t *
getMethodNoSuper_nolock(Class cls, SEL sel)
{
runtimeLock.assertLocked();
assert(cls->isRealized());
// fixme nil cls?
// fixme nil sel?
for (auto mlists = cls->data()->methods.beginLists(), //⚠️遍历class_rw_t 中的method_list
end = cls->data()->methods.endLists();
mlists != end;
++mlists)
{
method_t *m = search_method_list(*mlists, sel);//---⚠️⚠️⚠️核心函数
if (m) return m;
}
return nil;
}
进入search_method_list(mlist, sel)看看是如何查找的:
/***********************************************************************
* getMethodNoSuper_nolock
* fixme
* Locking: runtimeLock must be read- or write-locked by the caller
**********************************************************************/
static method_t *search_method_list(const method_list_t *mlist, SEL sel)
{
int methodListIsFixedUp = mlist->isFixedUp();
int methodListHasExpectedSize = mlist->entsize() == sizeof(method_t);
if (__builtin_expect(methodListIsFixedUp && methodListHasExpectedSize, 1)) {
//---⚠️⚠️⚠️如果方法列表是经过排序的，则进行二分查找
return findMethodInSortedMethodList(sel, mlist);
} else {
// Linear search of unsorted method list
//---⚠️⚠️⚠️如果方法列表没有进行排序，则进行线性遍历查找
for (auto& meth : *mlist) {
if (meth.name == sel) return &meth;
}
}
#if DEBUG
// sanity-check negative results
if (mlist->isFixedUp()) {
for (auto& meth : *mlist) {
if (meth.name == sel) {
_objc_fatal("linear search worked when binary search did not");
}
}
}
#endif
return nil;
}
ok,到现在我们就从源码层面搞清楚了objc_msgSend()第一阶段消息发送的步骤,我们用一张图总结一下:
二:动态方法解析:
从lookUpImpOrForward方法实现中可以看到,如果在消息发送阶段始终没有找到方法,那么就会进入动态方法解析:
// No implementation found. Try method resolver once.------>⚠️⚠️⚠️如果到基类还没有找到方法，就尝试进行方法解析
if (resolver && !triedResolver) {//1️⃣⚽️⚽️⚽️判断之前有没有方法解析过
runtimeLock.unlockRead();
_class_resolveMethod(cls, sel, inst);//2️⃣⚽️⚽️⚽️如果没有解析过，调用_class_resolveMethod
runtimeLock.read();
// Don't cache the result; we don't hold the lock so it may have
// changed already. Re-do the search from scratch instead.
triedResolver = YES;
goto retry;//3️⃣⚽️⚽️⚽️如果进行过动态方法解析，就回到retry，再次进行消息发送阶段查找方法
}
// No implementation found, and method resolver didn't help. //------>⚠️⚠️⚠️如果方法解析不成功，就进行消息转发
// Use forwarding.
//???消息转发阶段
imp = (IMP)_objc_msgForward_impcache;
cache_fill(cls, sel, imp, inst);
done:
runtimeLock.unlockRead();
return imp;
下面再继续看一下方法动态解析里面的核心函数_class_resolveMethod(cls, sel, inst);
/***********************************************************************
* _class_resolveMethod
* Call +resolveClassMethod or +resolveInstanceMethod.
* Returns nothing; any result would be potentially out-of-date already.
* Does not check if the method already exists.
**********************************************************************/
void _class_resolveMethod(Class cls, SEL sel, id inst)
{
if (! cls->isMetaClass()) {//⚽️⚽️⚽️判断当前的参数cls是否是一个meta-class对象
// try [cls resolveInstanceMethod:sel]
_class_resolveInstanceMethod(cls, sel, inst);//-->???
}
else {
// try [nonMetaClass resolveClassMethod:sel]
// and [cls resolveInstanceMethod:sel]
_class_resolveClassMethod(cls, sel, inst);//-->???
if (!lookUpImpOrNil(cls, sel, inst,
NO/*initialize*/, YES/*cache*/, NO/*resolver*/))
{
_class_resolveInstanceMethod(cls, sel, inst);
}
}
}
_class_resolveInstanceMethod(cls, sel, inst);，进入它的函数实现如下
/***********************************************************************
* _class_resolveInstanceMethod
* Call +resolveInstanceMethod, looking for a method to be added to class cls.
* cls may be a metaclass or a non-meta class.
* Does not check if the method already exists.
**********************************************************************/
static void _class_resolveInstanceMethod(Class cls, SEL sel, id inst)
{
//---⚠️⚠️⚠️查看cls的meta-class对象的方法列表里面是否有SEL_resolveInstanceMethod函数，
//---⚠️⚠️⚠️也就是看是否实现了+(BOOL)resolveInstanceMethod:(SEL)sel方法
if (! lookUpImpOrNil(cls->ISA(), SEL_resolveInstanceMethod, cls,
NO/*initialize*/, YES/*cache*/, NO/*resolver*/))
{
// Resolver not implemented.---⚠️⚠️⚠️如果没找到，直接返回，
return;
}
//---⚠️⚠️⚠️如果找到，则通过objc_msgSend调用一下+(BOOL)resolveInstanceMethod:(SEL)sel方法
//---⚠️⚠️⚠️完成里面的动态增加方法的步骤
BOOL (*msg)(Class, SEL, SEL) = (typeof(msg))objc_msgSend;
bool resolved = msg(cls, SEL_resolveInstanceMethod, sel);
// Cache the result (good or bad) so the resolver doesn't fire next time.
// +resolveInstanceMethod adds to self a.k.a. cls
IMP imp = lookUpImpOrNil(cls, sel, inst,
NO/*initialize*/, YES/*cache*/, NO/*resolver*/);
if (resolved && PrintResolving) {
if (imp) {
_objc_inform("RESOLVE: method %c[%s %s] "
"dynamically resolved to %p",
cls->isMetaClass() ? '+' : '-',
cls->nameForLogging(), sel_getName(sel), imp);
}
else {
// Method resolver didn't add anything?
_objc_inform("RESOLVE: +[%s resolveInstanceMethod:%s] returned YES"
", but no new implementation of %c[%s %s] was found",
cls->nameForLogging(), sel_getName(sel),
cls->isMetaClass() ? '+' : '-',
cls->nameForLogging(), sel_getName(sel));
}
}
}
动态方法解析的核心步骤完成之后，会一层一层往上返回到lookUpImpOrForward函数，跳到retry标记处，重新查询方法，因为在方法解析这一步，如果对某个目标方法名xxx有过处理，为其动态增加了方法实现，那么再次查询该方法，则一定可以在消息发送阶段被找到并调用。 对于类方法（+方法）的动态解析其实跟上面的过程大致相同，只不过解析的时候调用的+(BOOL)resolveClassMethod:(SEL)sel方法，来完成类方法的动态添加绑定。
我们用代码验证一下
//--------------------MJPerson.h-------
@interface MJPerson : NSObject
- (void)test;
@end
//--------------------MJPerson.m-------
#import "MJPerson.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>
@implementation MJPerson
- (void)other
{
NSLog(@"%s", __func__);
}
struct method_t {
SEL sel;
char *types;
IMP imp;
};
+ (BOOL)resolveInstanceMethod:(SEL)sel
{
if (sel == @selector(test)) {
// 获取其他方法
struct method_t *method = (struct method_t *)class_getInstanceMethod(self, @selector(other));
// 动态添加test方法的实现
class_addMethod(self, sel, method->imp, method->types);
// 返回YES代表有动态添加方法
return YES;
}
return [super resolveInstanceMethod:sel];
}
@end
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
@autoreleasepool {
MJPerson *person = [[MJPerson alloc] init];
[person test];
}
return 0;
}
RUN>
*********************** 运行结果 ************************** 2021-05-06 18:17:40.215622+0800 Interview03-动态方法解析[5697:221883] -[MJPerson other]
动态方法解析的步骤
关于动态方法解析的注意点:
- 1:通过
class_addMethod动态添加的方法是添加到class_rw_t中的method_list_t中的,我们从源码中也可以看到,动态添加方法的实现后,进入goto retry,重新进入消息发送阶段,从类的cache_t或者class_rw_t中查找 - 2:动态添加方法的实现后,会重新进入消息发送阶段,重新查找方法
三:消息转发
经过前两个流程之后，如果还没能找到方法对应的函数，说明当前类已经尽力了，但是确实没有能力处理目标方法，因子只能把方法抛给别人，也就丢给其他的类去处理，因此最后一个流程为什么叫消息转发，顾名思义。
下面，我们来搞定消息转发，入口如下，位于lookUpImpOrForward函数的尾部
// No implementation found, and method resolver didn't help. //------>⚠️⚠️⚠️如果方法解析不成功，就进行消息转发
// Use forwarding.
//???消息转发阶段
imp = (IMP)_objc_msgForward_impcache;
cache_fill(cls, sel, imp, inst);
我们进入_objc_msgForward_impcache内部会发现没有别的线索了,只是一个声明:
#if !OBJC_OLD_DISPATCH_PROTOTYPES
extern void _objc_msgForward_impcache(void);
#else
extern id _objc_msgForward_impcache(id, SEL, ...);
#endif
消息转发阶段后,就会进入__forwarding__方法处理.为什么是__forwarding__这个方法呢?我们把resolveInstanceMethod方法注释掉,看看系统会报什么错误:
可以看到从底层上来，调用了CF框架的_CF_forwarding_prep_0，然后就调用了___forwarding___。该函数就属于苹果未开源部分，腾讯课堂iOS底层原理班的分享，国外的大神把消息转发的流程通过伪代码写了出来.
int __forwarding__(void *frameStackPointer, int isStret) {
id receiver = *(id *)frameStackPointer;
SEL sel = *(SEL *)(frameStackPointer + 8);
const char *selName = sel_getName(sel);
Class receiverClass = object_getClass(receiver);
// 调用 forwardingTargetForSelector:
if (class_respondsToSelector(receiverClass, @selector(forwardingTargetForSelector:))) {
id forwardingTarget = [receiver forwardingTargetForSelector:sel];
if (forwardingTarget && forwardingTarget != receiver) {
return objc_msgSend(forwardingTarget, sel, ...);
}
}
// 调用 methodSignatureForSelector 获取方法签名后再调用 forwardInvocation
if (class_respondsToSelector(receiverClass, @selector(methodSignatureForSelector:))) {
NSMethodSignature *methodSignature = [receiver methodSignatureForSelector:sel];
if (methodSignature && class_respondsToSelector(receiverClass, @selector(forwardInvocation:))) {
NSInvocation *invocation = [NSInvocation _invocationWithMethodSignature:methodSignature frame:frameStackPointer];
[receiver forwardInvocation:invocation];
void *returnValue = NULL;
[invocation getReturnValue:&value];
return returnValue;
}
}
if (class_respondsToSelector(receiverClass,@selector(doesNotRecognizeSelector:))) {
[receiver doesNotRecognizeSelector:sel];
}
// The point of no return.
kill(getpid(), 9);
}
-(id)forwardingTargetForSelector:(SEL)aSelector——__forwarding__首先会看类有没有实现这个方法，这个方法返回的是一个id类型的转发对象forwardingTarget，如果其不为空，则会通过objc_msgSend函数对其直接发送消息objc_msgSend(forwardingTarget, sel, ...);，也就是说让转发对象forwardingTarget去处理当前的方法SEL。如果forwardingTarget为nil，则进入下面的方法
-(NSMethodSignature *)methodSignatureForSelector:(SEL)aSelector——这个方法是让我们根据方法选择器SEL生成一个NSMethodSignature方法签名并返回，这个方法签名里面其实就是封装了返回值类型，参数类型的信息。
__forwarding__会利用这个方法签名，生成一个NSInvocation，将其作为参数，调用- (void)forwardInvocation:(NSInvocation *)anInvocation方法。如果我们在这里没有返回方法签名，系统则认为我们彻底不想处理这个方法了，就会调用doesNotRecognizeSelector:方法抛出经典的报错报错unrecognized selector sent to instance 0xXXXXXXXX，结束消息机制的全部流程。
- (void)forwardInvocation:(NSInvocation *)anInvocation——如果我们在上面提供了方法签名，__forwarding__则会最终调用这个方法。在这个方法里面，我们会拿到一个参数(NSInvocation *)anInvocation，这个anInvocation其实是__forwarding__对如下三个信息的封装：
anInvocation.target-- 方法调用者anInvocation.selector-- 方法名- (void)getArgument:(void *)argumentLocation atIndex:(NSInteger)idx;-- 方法参数
因此在此方法里面，我们可以决定将消息转发给谁（target），甚至还可以修改消息的参数，由于anInvocation会存储消息selector里面带来的参数，并且可以根据消息所对应的方法签名确定消息参数的个数，所以我们通过- (void)setArgument:(void *)argumentLocation atIndex:(NSInteger)idx;可以对参数进行修改。总之你可以按照你的意愿，配置好anInvocation，然后简单一句[anInvocation invoke];即可完成消息的转发调用，也可以不做任何处理，轻轻地来，轻轻地走，但是不会导致程序报错。
我们用代码验证一下:
***********************?MJPerson.h ?**************************
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface MJPerson : NSObject
- (void)test;
@end
***********************?MJPerson.m ?**************************
#import "MJPerson.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>
#import "MJCat.h"
@implementation MJPerson
- (id)forwardingTargetForSelector:(SEL)aSelector
{
if (aSelector == @selector(test)) {
// objc_msgSend([[MJCat alloc] init], aSelector)
return [[MJCat alloc] init];
}
return [super forwardingTargetForSelector:aSelector];
}
@end
***********************?MJCat.h ?**************************
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface MJCat : NSObject
- (void)test;
@end
***********************?MJCat.m ?**************************
#import "MJCat.h"
@implementation MJCat
- (void)test
{
NSLog(@"%s", __func__);
}
@end
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "MJPerson.h"
// 消息转发：将消息转发给别人
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
@autoreleasepool {
MJPerson *person = [[MJPerson alloc] init];
[person test];
}
return 0;
}
RUN>
*********************** 运行结果 ************************** 2021-05-06 19:59:53.504938+0800 Interview01-消息转发[5988:243172] -[MJCat test]
修改?MJPerson.m ?
***********************?MJPerson.m ?**************************
#import "MJPerson.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>
#import "MJCat.h"
@implementation MJPerson
// 方法签名：返回值类型、参数类型
- (NSMethodSignature *)methodSignatureForSelector:(SEL)aSelector
{
NSLog(@"methodSignatureForSelector");
if (aSelector == @selector(test)) {
return [NSMethodSignature signatureWithObjCTypes:"v16@0:8"];
}
return [super methodSignatureForSelector:aSelector];
}
- (void)forwardInvocation:(NSInvocation *)anInvocation
{
NSLog(@"forwardInvocation");
}
@end
RUN>
*********************** 运行结果 ************************** 2021-05-06 20:05:39.826862+0800 Interview01-消息转发[6060:246757] methodSignatureForSelector 2021-05-06 20:05:39.827236+0800 Interview01-消息转发[6060:246757] forwardInvocation
继续修改?MJPerson.m ?
***********************?MJPerson.m ?**************************
#import "MJPerson.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>
#import "MJCat.h"
@implementation MJPerson
// 方法签名：返回值类型、参数类型
- (NSMethodSignature *)methodSignatureForSelector:(SEL)aSelector
{
NSLog(@"methodSignatureForSelector");
if (aSelector == @selector(test)) {
return [NSMethodSignature signatureWithObjCTypes:"v16@0:8"];
}
return [super methodSignatureForSelector:aSelector];
}
- (void)forwardInvocation:(NSInvocation *)anInvocation
{
NSLog(@"forwardInvocation");
[anInvocation invokeWithTarget:[[MJCat alloc] init]];
}
@end
RUN>
*********************** ?运行结果? ************************** 2021-05-06 20:11:46.271551+0800 Interview01-消息转发[6159:252454] methodSignatureForSelector 2021-05-06 20:11:46.271920+0800 Interview01-消息转发[6159:252454] forwardInvocation 2021-05-06 20:11:46.271998+0800 Interview01-消息转发[6159:252454] -[MJCat test]
以上都是以实力方法为例,下面我们把-(void)test;更改为+(void)test:
***********************?MJPerson.h ?**************************
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface MJPerson : NSObject
+ (void)test;
@end
***********************?MJPerson.m ?**************************
#import "MJPerson.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>
#import "MJCat.h"
@implementation MJPerson
- (id)forwardingTargetForSelector:(SEL)aSelector
{
if (aSelector == @selector(test)) {
return [[MJCat alloc] init];
}
return [super forwardingTargetForSelector:aSelector];
}
@end
***********************?MJCat.h ?**************************
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface MJCat : NSObject
+ (void)test;
- (void)test;
@end
***********************?MJCat.m ?**************************
#import "MJCat.h"
@implementation MJCat
+ (void)test
{
NSLog(@"%s", __func__);
}
- (void)test
{
NSLog(@"%s", __func__);
}
@end
修改?MJPerson.m ?
***********************?MJPerson.m ?**************************
#import "MJPerson.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>
#import "MJCat.h"
@implementation MJPerson
+ (id)forwardingTargetForSelector:(SEL)aSelector
{
if (aSelector == @selector(test)) {
return [[MJCat alloc] init];
}
return [super forwardingTargetForSelector:aSelector];
}
@end
继续修改?MJPerson.m ?
***********************?MJPerson.m ?**************************
#import "MJPerson.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>
#import "MJCat.h"
@implementation MJPerson
+ (NSMethodSignature *)methodSignatureForSelector:(SEL)aSelector
{
if (aSelector == @selector(test)) return [NSMethodSignature signatureWithObjCTypes:"v@:"];
return [super methodSignatureForSelector:aSelector];
}
+ (void)forwardInvocation:(NSInvocation *)anInvocation
{
NSLog(@"1123");
}
@end
RUN>
*********************** ?运行结果? ************************** 2021-05-06 20:21:55.074676+0800 Interview01-消息转发[6264:259359] 1123
到这里我们就搞清楚了消息转发的所有流程和细节
image-20210506202309515
特别备注
本系列文章总结自MJ老师在腾讯课堂iOS底层原理班（下）/OC对象/关联对象/多线程/内存管理/性能优化，相关图片素材均取自课程中的课件。如有侵权，请联系我删除，谢谢！
